Malaria is the most spread infectious disease in the world, causing the death of more than 1 million people in the world annually. It’s dangerous for people travelling to the infected territories such as Africa (mostly in the territories to the South from the Sahara), several countries of Asia, the Indian subcontinent and some parts of Central and South America.

Pathogen

Plasmodium Malariae (Plasmodium falciparum, -vivax, -ovale, -malariae)

Way of spread

Spread by anopheles mosquitoes.

The Anopheles mosquitoes get infected while taking blood of the infected humans, and become able to infect in 10-30 days after the pathogens have finished reproduction. When taking blood again, the pathogen is transmitted into human blood circulation with the saliva of the mosquito. The infection can be spread by blood transfusion and through the placenta as well.

Problems and symptoms

• paroxysm—a cyclical occurrence of sudden coldness followed by shivering and then fever of even 40 C° and sweating, occurring every three days, every four days, or almost continuous fever
  
• Sweating
  
• In case of chronic malaria, anaemia, splenomegaly, rheumatism like joint and muscle pain, deteriorating health
  

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Curing

Effective medicines are available against malaria.

Prevention

• Suitable vaccinations are not available at the moment, therefore the use of preventing medicines is necessary.
  
• It’s important that medicines have to be taken prior to travel, and has to be continued taking for a while after arrival too, as prescribed.
  
• A huge part of the medicines sold in certain developing countries is fake, containing no active agent at all. Therefore it is not suggested buying them there. .
  
• Insecticides, repellents, the use of equipment of protection (e.g.: mosquito net).